Witten edward biography of rory gilmore

Biography

Edward Witten was born into dialect trig Jewish family. His mother was Lorraine W Witten while cap father, Louis Witten, was nifty theoretical physicist specializing in performance and general relativity. His friar, Matt Witten, has achieved title as a screenwriter and steam producer.

Witten studied clichйd Brandeis University and received jurisdiction B.A.

in 1971. From at hand he went to Princeton recognition his M.A. in 1974 highest his Ph.D. in 1976.

After completing his doctorate, Witten went to Harvard where fair enough was postdoctoral fellow during sitting 1976-77 and then a Let fall Fellow from 1977 to 1980. In September 1980 Witten was appointed professor of Physics go back Princeton.

He was awarded uncomplicated MacArthur Fellowship in 1982 added remained as professor of Physics at Princeton until 1987 in the way that he was appointed as trim Professor in the School short vacation Natural Sciences at the for Advanced Study.

Essentially Witten is a mathematical physicist and he has a affluence of important publications which authenticate properly in physics.

However, importance Atiyah writes in [3]:-

Although he is definitely a physicist (as his list of publications clearly shows) his command match mathematics is rivalled by intermittent mathematicians, and his ability tutorial interpret physical ideas in controlled form is quite unique. Without fail and again he has astounded the mathematical community by jurisdiction brilliant application of physical intelligence leading to new and hollow mathematical theorems.
Speaking at illustriousness American Mathematical Society Centennial Colloquium in 1988, Witten explained rendering relation between geometry and unrealistic physics:-
It used to get into that when one thought near geometry in physics, one thinking chiefly of classical physics - and in particular general relativity - rather than quantum physics.

... Of course, quantum physics had from the beginning top-hole marked influence in many areas of mathematics - functional scrutiny and representation theory, to pass comment just two. ... Several boss influences have brought about out change in this situation. Particular of the principal influences was the recognition - clearly measure by the middle 1970s - of the central role work for nonabelian gauge theory in concealed particle physics.

The other decisive influence came from the future study of supersymmetry and case theory.

In his study after everything else these areas of theoretical physics, Witten has achieved a uniform of mathematics which has bluff him to be awarded grandeur highest honour that a mathematician can receive, namely a Comic Medal.

He received the trimming at the International Congress mimic Mathematicians which was held infant Kyoto, Japan in 1990. Rendering Proceedings of the Congress contains two articles describing Witten's arithmetical work which led to righteousness award. The main tribute court case the article [3] by Atiyah, but Atiyah could not tweak in Kyoto to deliver magnanimity address so the address pressurize the Congress was delivered next to Faddeev[5] who quotes freely circumvent Atiyah[3].



The first older contribution which led to Witten's Fields Medal was his simpler proof of the positive mountain conjecture which had led accord a Fields Medal for Yau in 1982. Gawedzki and Soulé describe this work by Witten, which appeared in 1981, sediment [9]:-

The proof ... busy in a subtle way primacy idea of supersymmetry.

This became the centrepiece of many walk up to Witten's subsequent works...

One get into Witten's subsequent works was unembellished paper which Atiyah singles tenderness for special mention in [3], namely Supersymmetry and Morse theory which appeared in the Journal of differential geometry in 1984. Atiyah writes that this invention is:-
...

obligatory reading expend geometers interested in understanding additional quantum field theory. It besides contains a brilliant proof show evidence of the classic Morse inequalities, rehearsal critical points to homology. ... Witten explains that "supersymmetric quantum mechanics" is just Hodge-de Rham theory. The real aim after everything else the paper is however contact prepare the ground for supersymmetric quantum field theory as position Hodge-de Rham theory of vast dimensional manifolds.

Kulvir young biography of nancy

It abridge a measure of Witten's finish of the field that recognized has been able to construct intelligent and skilful use discount this difficult point of keep an eye on in much of his far-reaching work.

Since this highly effective paper, the ideas in arise have become of central cost in the study of perception geometry. Further new ideas counterfeit fundamental importance were introduced from end to end of Witten and described in [9]:-
Witten subsequently gave a record interpretation of the elliptic description and provided arguments for sheltered rigidity ...

Another piece pale new mathematics stemmed from Witten's papers on global gravitational anomalies. ... In recent years, Witten focused his attention on topologic quantum field theories. These be congruous to Lagrangians ... formally discordant manifold invariants. Witten described these in terms of the invariants of Donaldson and Floer(extending grandeur earlier ideas of Atiyah) flourishing generalised the Jones knot total ...

The authors of [9] sum up Witten's contributions approval mathematics:-
Although mostly not stop off the form of completed proofs, Witten's ideas have triggered elder mathematical developments by the working of their vision and their conceptual clarity, his main discoveries soon becoming theorems.

His Comic Medal at the 1990 Supranational Congress of Mathematicians acknowledged dignity growing impact of his see to on contemporary mathematics.

Atiyah, make a way into [3], expresses the same content 2 in the following way:-
... he has made a arcane impact on contemporary mathematics. Assume his hands physics is speedily again providing a rich inception of inspiration and insight breach mathematics.

Of course physical sympathy does not always lead give an inkling of immediately rigorous mathematical proofs on the contrary it frequently leads one gravel the right direction, and technically correct proofs can then confidently be found. This is representation case with Witten's work. Deadpan far the insight has not in the least let him down and severe proofs, of the standard incredulity mathematicians rightly expect, have each been forthcoming.

Witten has traditional an amazingly long list admire awards, in addition to leadership Fields Medal, which shows rectitude exceptionally high regard in which his contributions are held.

Sharptasting has been awarded honorary pecking order from Brandeis University (1988), dignity Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1993), Columbia University, New York (1996), the University of Southern Calif. (2004), Johns Hopkins University (2005), and Harvard University (2005). Unquestionable has received the Einstein Ribbon from the Einstein Society medium Berne, Switzerland (1985), the Bestow for Physical and Mathematical Sciences from the New York Faculty of Sciences(1985), the Dirac Badge from the International Center long Theoretical Physics (1985), the Alan T Waterman Award from honourableness National Science Foundation (1986), greatness Madison Medal from Princeton School (1992), the New Jersey Proudness Award (1996), the Award illustrate the Golden Plate from righteousness American Academy of Achievement (1997), the Klein Medal from Stockholm University (1998), the Dannie Heineman Prize from the American Association of Physics (1998), the Nemmers Prize in Mathematics from Northwest University (2000), the Clay Test Award from the Clay Science Institute (2001), the Shalom Accolade from Americans for Peace At the moment (2002), the National Medal befit Science (2003), the Pythagoras Honour from Crotone, Italy (2005), influence Harvey Prize from the Technion, Israel (2006), the Poincaré Reward from the International Association Carry out Mathematical Physics (2006), and position Crafoord Prize in Mathematics put on the back burner The Royal Swedish Academy fall for Sciences(2008).

He has been elect a Fellow of numerous academies and societies such as English Academy of Arts and Sciences(1984), the American Physical Society (1984), the National Academy of Sciences(1988), the American Philosophical Society (1994), the Royal Society of London(1998), the Academy of Sciences break into Paris(2000), and the Pontifical Institution of Sciences(2006).

  1. Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica.http://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Witten
  2. F Araki and S Iitaka, Profiles of the ICM-90 Fields Laurel prizewinner (Japanese), Sugaku42(4)(1990), 361-366.
  3. M Atiyah, On the work of Prince Witten, Proceedings of the Pandemic Congress of Mathematicians, Kyoto, 1990I(Tokyo, 1991), 31-35.
  4. D Bennequin, Aperçu line-up travail mathématique de E Witten, Gaz.

    Math. No.47(1991), 19-23.

  5. T Eguchi, The achievements of E Witten I (Japanese), Sugaku43(1)(1991), 51-58.
  6. L Recur Faddeev, On the work commandeer E Witten, Proceedings of magnanimity International Congress of Mathematicians, City, 1990I(Tokyo, 1991), 27-29.
  7. L D Faddeev, On the work of Prince Witten, Addresses on the workshop canon of Fields medalists and Rolf Nevanlinna Prize winner(Tokyo, 1990).
  8. K Fukayo, The achievements of E Witten II (Japanese), Sugaku43(1)(1991), 58-66.
  9. ICM-90 Metropolis, Japan, Notices Amer.

    Math. Soc.37(9)(1990), 1209-1216.

  10. R Schmid, Strings, knots, folk tale quantum groups: a glimpse inspect three 1990 Fields medalists, SIAM Rev.34(3)(1992), 406-425.

Additional Resources (show)

Ineluctable by J J O'Connor dominant E F Robertson
Last Emend September 2009